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APA ITU BANK PEREKONOMIAN RAKYAT (BPR) ?

08 May 2017
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BPR Terdepan Dalam Melayani Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah

 

Apakah BPR?

  • Bank Perekonomian Rakyat yang biasa disingkat dengan BPR adalah salah satu jenis bank yang dikenal melayani golongan pengusaha mikro, kecil dan menengah dengan lokasi yang pada umumnya dekat dengan tempat masyarakat yang membutuhkan. (BI)
  • BPR adalah lembaga keuangan bank yang menerima simpanan hanya dalam bentuk deposito berjangka, tabungan, dan/atau bentuk lainnya yang dipersamakan dengan itu dan menyalurkan dana sebagai usaha BPR. (Gunadarma)


Sejak kapan BPR dikenal masyarakat?

BPR sudah ada sejak jaman sebelum kemerdekaan yang dikenal dengan sebutan Lumbung Desa, bank Desa, Bank Tani dan Bank Dagang Desa atau Bank Pasar.

Apakah BPR merupakan lembaga perbankan resmi?
BPR merupakan lembaga perbankan resmi yang diatur berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 7 tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan dan sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang No. 10 tahun 1998. Dalam undang-undang tersebut secara jelas disebutkan bawah ada dua jenis bank, yaitu Bank Umum dan BPR.

Apa fungsi BPR?
Fungsi BPR tidak hanya sekedar menyalurkan kredit kepada para pengusaha mikro, kecil dan menengah, tetapi juga menerima simpanan dari masyarakat. Dalam penyaluran kredit kepada masyarakat menggunakan prinsip 3T, yaitu Tepat Waktu, Tepat Jumlah, Tepat Sasaran, karena proses kreditnya yang relatif cepat, persyaratan lebih sederhana, dan sangat mengerti akan kebutuhan Nasabah.

Apa jenis layanan yang diberikan BPR?

  • Menghimpun dana masyarakat dalam bentuk deposito berjangka, tabungan dan atau bentuk lain yang dipersamakan dengan itu.
  • Memberikan kredit dalam bentuk Kredit Modal Kerja, Kredit Investasi, maupun Kredit Konsumsi.
  • Menyediakan pembiayaan bagi nasabah berdasarkan prinsip bagi hasil sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ditetapkan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah.
  • Menempatkan dananya dalam bentuk Sertifikat Bank Indonesia (SBI), deposito berjangka, sertifikat deposito, dan/atau tabungan pada bank lain. SBI adalah sertifikat yang ditawarkan Bank Indonesia kepada BPR apabila BPR mengalami over likuiditas.



Apa jenis layanan yang tidak boleh dilakukan BPR
?
Ada beberapa jenis usaha seperti yang dilakukan bank umum tetapi tidak boleh dilakukan BPR. Usaha yang tidak boleh dilakukan BPR adalah :

  • Menerima simpanan berupa giro.
  • Melakukan kegiatan usaha dalam valuta asing.
  • Melakukan penyertaan modal dengan prinsip prudent banking dan concern terhadap layanan kebutuhan masyarakat menengah ke bawah.
  • Melakukan usaha perasuransian.
  • Melakukan usaha lain di luar kegiatan usaha sebagaimana yang dimaksud dalam usaha BPR.


Kemana alokasi Kredit BPR
?
Dalam mengalokasikan kredit, ada beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan oleh BPR, yaitu :

  • Dalam memberikan kredit, BPR wajib mempunyai keyakinan atas kemampuan dan kesanggupan debitur untuk melunasi utangnya sesuai dengan perjanjian.
  • Dalam memberikan kredit, BPR wajib memenuhi ketentuan Bank Indonesia mengenai batas maksimum pemberian kredit, pemberian jaminan, atau hal lain yang serupa, yang dapat dilakukan oleh BPR kepada peminjam atau sekelompok peminjam yang terkait, termasuk kepada perusahaan-perusahaan dalam kelompok yang sama dengan BPR tersebut. Batas maksimum tersebut adalah tidak melebihi 30% dari modal yang sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ditetapkan Bank Indonesia.
  • Dalam memberikan kredit, BPR wajib memenuhi ketentuan Bank Indonesia mengenai batas maksimum pemberian kredit, pemberian jaminan, atau hal lain yang serupa, yang dapat dilakukan oleh BPR kepada pemegang saham (dan keluarga) yang memiliki 10% atau lebih dari modal disetor, anggota dewan komisaris (dan keluarga), anggota direksi (dan keluarga), pejabat BPR lainnya, serta perusahaan-perusahaan yang di dalamnya terdapat kepentingan pihak pemegang saham (dan keluarga) yang memiliki 10% atau lebih dari modal disetor, anggota dewan komisaris (dan keluarga), anggota direksi (dan keluarga), pejabat BPR lainnya. Batas maksimum tersebut tidak melebihi 10% dari modal yang sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ditetapkan Bank Indonesia.
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